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The two models of computation, TM and LC, are the foundations of all programming languages that subsequently been invited.
Turing Machine
| Formalism | Programming Construct | 
|---|---|
| Tape | Memory indexed linearly by integer addresses | 
| Head | Read from and write to the main memory | 
| Control logic | Sequential instructions | 
| Branching on condition | |
| Loops | 
Lambda Calculus
| Formalism | Programming Construct | 
|---|---|
| Expressions | Functions are also values | 
| Abstraction | Anonymous functions | 
| Bound variables | Scopes of symbol bindings | 
| Currying | Closure of scopes |